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Move 1: The Importance Of Critical Thinking And Its Development Into Critical Writing In Higher Education (paragraphs 1–5)
These paragraphs function to introduce the research area by moving from a broad discussion to a more specific focus. At the beginning, the authors emphasize the importance of critical thinking in education.
Step 1: Claiming Centrality
The topic is positioned as a key competence in the 21st century. The discussion then narrows toward critical writing as a practical extension of critical thinking, especially in academic contexts
Step 2: Making Topic Generalizations
since the authors explain general concepts, roles, and functions of critical writing in supporting students’ academic success. Furthermore, the authors refer to several previous studies related to critical thinking and writing.
Step 3: Reviewing Previous Research
Overall, paragraphs 1–5 establish the research territory by presenting the importance of the topic, general background knowledge, and existing scholarly work.Move 2: Research Gap In Understanding Students (paragraphs 6)
Where the authors begin to narrow the discussion by identifying a gap in the existing literature.
Step 1A: Indicating a Gap
as the authors point out that despite prior studies, the specific needs of critical writing in EFL contexts are still underexplored. The discussion then expands by explaining why this gap is important to address
Step 1B: Adding to What is Known
as the authors argue that investigating students’ learning needs can provide valuable insights into their challenges and learning requirements. In addition, the authors emphasize the broader benefits of conducting such research, including improving teaching strategies and enhancing learning outcomes, which corresponds
Step 2: Presenting Positive Justification
Therefore, paragraph 6 serves to justify the necessity of the study.
Move 3: The Present Study That Aims To Investigate Students (paragraph 7)
Which functions as the final part of the introduction and presents the current research. In this paragraph, the authors clearly state the aim of the study.
Step 1: Announcing Present Research (purpose)
namely to identify or describe students’ needs in critical writing. The authors also briefly describe the research approach, such as using a survey method
Step 5: Announcing Principal Outcomes
in terms of how the study is conducted. Additionally, the paragraph highlights the contribution of the study, including its potential to inform policy decisions and improve teaching practices
Step 6: Stating the Value of the Present Research
Toward the end, there is also an indication of broader implications
Step 7: Outlining the Structure or Implications of the Paper
although it is not elaborated in detail. This paragraph shows how the study fills the previously identified gap.